Especialistas apontam que políticas aprofundaram a desigualdade tanto nos governos dos democratas quanto, principalmente, republicanos.
Abaixo, uma apresentação dos seminários do "Tobin Project", que leva o nome do economista James Tobin, uma referência na discussão sobre economia e desigualdades.
The Potential Consequences of Top-End Inequality
In 2007, the wealthiest 1% of families controlled more than 23% of income in the United States for the first time since 1928 [1].
To explore the implications of such dramatic income concentration at
the top of the distribution, the Tobin Project convened an interdisciplinary workshop
in October 2010, focused on targeted questions raised at Tobin’s spring
conference. The group explored the potential political consequences of
top-end inequality, the possible effects for corporate decision makers,
and the potential impact on the behavior of consumers, policymakers, and
voters.
The same week, Jacob Hacker (Yale University, Political Science) and Paul Pierson (University of California-Berkeley, Political Science), co-authors of Winner-Take-All Politics (Simon & Schuster, 2010), headlined a panel discussion
in Cambridge co-sponsored by the Tobin Project and the Harvard Kennedy
School. Professors Hacker and Pierson, who were joined by Archon Fung (Harvard Kennedy School), Alex Keyssar (Harvard Kennedy School), and Theda Skocpol
(Harvard University, Sociology), debated the implications of increasing
income concentration before a standing-room-only crowd of over 160
students, faculty, and community members.
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A critical question emerged from these workshops and the Tobin Project’s April 2010 Economic Inequality conference, later reported by the New York Times:
Did economic inequality in the United States contribute to the
financial crisis? In December 2010 and again in February 2011, the Tobin Project convened
scholars to explore this more narrow question of potential links
between high and rising inequality and economic instability. There
remains significant disagreement among experts about how (and whether)
inequality may have provoked financial instability and which kinds of
inequality may have played the greatest role, with some focused on the
stagnation of the middle class and others pointing to the runaway
top-end of the income spectrum.
[1] Atkinson, A. B., Piketty,
T., & Saez, E. (2011). Top Incomes in the Long Run of
History.Journal of Economic Literature, 49(1), 3-71.
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